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Radio wave transmission is the basis for most of or communication today across airwaves. All radio, TV, Satellite and other communication like wireless Internet (WiFi) is part of the same lineage.
It is hard to believe that with all of the things radio does in our world, that is only a bit over 100 years old. The theories of electro-magnetic waves existed prior to Hertz, who was able to produce and measure the first waves in 1888. It was left to Marconi in 1895 who created a usable transmitter for the waves, using a basic antenna, and a condenser and ground connection. Marconi was following research done by Thomas Edison and others in this field.
This was followed by use of wireless telegraph transmission in 1898, taking Samuel Morse’s invention to the next level by eliminating the wired connection between stations. Ships were now able to communicate via Morse code.
In the early 1900′s an inventor named deforest improved the signal by adding components to the original design. By 1914 Marconi had taken the idea and added the ability to transmit voice over 50 or more miles. Marconi proposed that radio transmission distance was related to the height of the antenna, and this is known as Marconi’s law.
Next, radio stations were able to send messages to receivers, and this began the use of crystal radio sets in homes.
Once the electronics were improved via use of Vacuum Tubes, the signals at both the receiver and transmitter were strengthened, leading to better sound for voice and music. The Vacuum tube came from inventions by Nikola Telsa, who had also demonstrated the radio wave technology in the 1890′s. Tesla was not credited as the inventor of radio though.
The rest is of course history, leading to today’s 4g and globe spanning capability for both video and audio.